F  H  C    J  D    1953                              x                       9—14                                                                      
    —                                                                                                                      
           
DNA ———— →       RNA ————→    ————→      
                                                        
                                          9—14                a                                                 d—              b         
                                                                           9—15                                                                          9—15                                                           
 
                                                                    
                                           —                —                                a—    β        β —           α—      
                                                                                       
           20                                                                            
                                  
                                            
                                                 
                        DNA                     —                                                                                                                                           
   
                                                               photosynthesis
                                                          chlorophyll
                                                      carbohydl ate
                                                                     saccharide
                                                                      monosaccharide
                                                                  disaccharide
                                                                   polysaccharide
                                                              digestion
                                                                   lipid
                                                               snimal fal
                                                             vegetable oil
                                                                             fatty acid
                                                                                   protein
                                                                               amino acid
                                                                        peptide bond
                                                                           dipeptide
 a—                                                                       alpha—kelix
                                                                   denaaturation
                                                                    denatured protein
                                                                                  enzyme
                                                                             cofactor
                                                                                  vitamin
 —                                                            lock and key theory
                                                                             poisom
                                                                                  hormone
                                                                             nucleic acid
                                       DNA
                                                              RNA
                                                                         double helix
                                                          genetic code
 —                                                                  crick—watson theory