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马钱子
ᠲᠤᠰ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠬᠦᠨᠴᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠥᠩᠬᠡ ᠨᠣᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠷᠤᠭ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠬᠦᠨᠴᠡᠯ Strychnos nux-vomica L. ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠲᠡᠩᠰᠡᠯᠢᠭ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠠᠤ ᠶᠦᠨᠨᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠨᠴᠡᠯ Strychnos pierrlema A.W.Hill ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠮᠥᠨ᠃ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠬᠢᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠭᠦᠨ ᠨᠢ᠄
1 · · ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠱᠦᠯᠲᠦ 2 ~5 % ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠣᠮᠣ ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨᠴᠡᠴᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠱᠦᠯᠲᠦ ︵ᠰᠲᠷᠢᠴᠨᠢᠠ Strychnine︶᠂ ᠬᠦᠨᠴᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠱᠦᠯᠲᠦ ︵brucine︶ ᠲᠤᠰᠪᠤᠷᠢ l ~ 1 4 % ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠃
2 · · ᠥᠭᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠲᠣᠰᠣ᠂ ᠤᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠭᠦᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠭᠠᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠠᠮᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠰᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠨ᠂ ᠬᠥᠩᠭᠡᠨ᠂ ᠮᠣᠬᠤᠳᠠᠭ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠤᠣᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠭᠤᠭᠠᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠬᠤ᠂ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠣᠷ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠬᠤ᠂ ᠬᠠᠳᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠬᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃
[ ᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ]
1 · ᠲᠥᠪ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ
ᠰᠲᠷᠢᠴᠨᠢᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠶᠢᠯᠡ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠦᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤ ᠲᠤᠰᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠦᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤ ᠲᠤᠰᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠯᠡᠴᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤ ᠲᠤᠰᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠣᠬᠤᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠡᠲᠦᠷᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤ ᠲᠤᠰᠭᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠲᠦᠷᠬᠡᠢ ᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠦᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠ ᠵᠢᠭᠤᠷᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠴᠢᠩ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠤᠷᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠴᠦ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠬᠦᠨᠡ᠃ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠲᠷᠢᠴᠨᠢᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠥᠪ᠂ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ᠂ ᠬᠠᠨᠢᠶᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠦᠷ ᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠦᠭᠦᠯᠳᠡᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠴᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷᠵᠢᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠭᠤᠯ ᠭᠦᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ᠃ ᠬᠦᠨᠴᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠱᠦᠯᠲᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠤ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠦᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠢ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠰᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠲᠡ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠳᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨᠠ᠃
2 · · ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠣᠭᠰᠤᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ
ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠮᠤᠰᠬᠢᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠ᠂ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠪᠲᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠ᠂ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠰᠡᠳᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠥᠭᠬᠦ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠦᠭᠦᠬᠡᠢ ᠬᠦᠨᠴᠡᠯ᠂ ᠬᠦᠨᠴᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠣᠮᠣᠬᠠᠳᠬᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ᠂ ᠬᠦᠨᠴᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠱᠦᠯᠲᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠦᠷ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠲᠡ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠣᠭᠰᠤᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠣᠭᠰᠤᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠭ ᠶᠣᠰᠣ ᠨᠢ᠂ ᠬᠦᠨᠴᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠱᠦᠯᠲᠦ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠠᠽᠣᠲ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠰᠦᠯ ︵ᠬᠦᠨᠴᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠱᠦᠯᠲᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡᠷ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ᠂ ᠬᠤᠣᠷᠲᠤ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠦᠨᠴᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠱᠦᠯᠲᠦ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ︶ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠣᠮᠣ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ PGE᠂ 5-HT ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠡᠪᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠭᠯᠠᠨ᠂ ᠰᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠡᠵᠢᠭᠦᠷ ᠢ ᠮᠢᠨᠴᠦᠭᠦᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃
3 · ᠦᠷᠪᠢᠰᠦᠯ ᠢ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ
ᠬᠦᠨᠴᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠡᠮ ᠤᠳ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠪᠰᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠢ᠂ ᠲᠦᠭᠦᠬᠡᠢ ᠬᠦᠨᠴᠡᠯ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠬᠦᠨᠴᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠣᠮᠣᠬᠠᠳᠬᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ᠂ ᠬᠦᠨᠴᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠱᠦᠯᠲᠦ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠬᠦᠨᠴᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠱᠦᠯᠲᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠦᠷ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠ ᠦᠷᠪᠢᠰᠦᠯ ᠢ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠬᠠᠪᠰᠤᠷᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠮᠣ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠯᠦ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠷᠪᠢᠰᠦᠯ ᠬ᠋᠊ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠴᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠨᠷᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠰᠣ᠂ ᠡᠪᠡᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠣᠭᠤᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠪᠠᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠦᠷᠪᠢᠰᠦᠯ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠭᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ PGE ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠭᠯᠠᠨ᠂ ᠴᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠦᠷᠪᠢᠰᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠦᠷᠪᠢᠰᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠪᠴᠢᠷᠡᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠬᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠬᠡᠳᠡᠰᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠮᠡ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃
4 · · ᠪᠠᠺᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠴᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ
ᠬᠦᠨᠴᠡᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ ᠭᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠢᠭ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠺᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢ᠂ ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠬᠢᠨ ᠦᠷᠪᠢᠰᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠣᠰ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠺᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠭᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠠᠷᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠦᠭᠦᠨᠴᠡᠷ ᠢ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠴᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃
5 · · ᠵᠢᠷᠦᠬᠡ ᠴᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠ ᠥᠳᠬᠡᠴᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠦᠨᠴᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠱᠦᠯᠲᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠢᠷᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠴᠢᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠬᠦᠭᠦᠯ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ K+ ᠤ ᠨᠡᠪᠲᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠡᠮ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠥᠳᠬᠡᠴᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ Na+,Ca+ ᠤ ᠨᠡᠪᠲᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠡᠮ ᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠭᠯᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠣᠨᠳᠣᠣ ᠬᠦᠨᠴᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠱᠦᠯᠲᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠢᠷᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠴᠢᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠬᠦᠭᠦᠯ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠺᠠᠯᠼ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠪᠲᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠡᠮ ᠢ ᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠦᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠨᠡᠪᠲᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠷᠲᠤᠳᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠣᠨᠳᠣᠣ ᠬᠦᠨᠴᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠱᠦᠯᠲᠦ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠠᠽᠣᠲ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠰᠦᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠫᠦᠷᠢᠨ ᠢᠰᠦᠯᠳᠦᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠢᠰᠬᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠵᠢᠷᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠴᠢᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠴᠢᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠬᠡᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠬᠡᠭᠯᠢᠭ ᠮᠥᠬᠦᠯᠢᠭ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠡᠮᠲᠦᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠴᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠵᠢᠷᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠴᠢᠩ ᠱᠤᠨ ᠡᠰ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃
6 · · ᠴᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡ
ᠬᠦᠨᠴᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠱᠦᠯᠲᠦ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠠᠽᠣᠲ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠰᠦᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠰᠫᠢᠷᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢᠪᠲᠤᠷ ᠴᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠢᠯᠲᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠴᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠴᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠴᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ ᠬᠦᠨᠴᠡᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠤ ᠯᠢᠮᠹᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠬᠡᠭᠲᠦ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠬᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃
7 · · ᠪᠡᠲᠡᠭᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠭᠯᠠᠬᠤ
ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠬᠦᠨᠴᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠱᠦᠯᠲᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠪᠲᠡᠰᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠵᠦᠭᠦᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠮᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠣᠷᠲᠤ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠣᠨᠳᠣᠣ ᠬᠦᠨᠴᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠱᠦᠯᠲᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠽᠣᠲ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠰᠦᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠯᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠮᠠᠨ ᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠰᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠴᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠪᠡᠲᠡᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠰᠡ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠴᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠪᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠳᠢᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃
8 · · ᠦᠯᠦ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠬᠦᠨᠴᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠱᠦᠯᠲᠦ ᠶᠢ 1 0 ~ 2 0 mg/kg ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠪᠡᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠨᠳᠡᠢ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠪᠠᠯ DNCB ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠦᠯᠦ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠲᠡ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠭ ᠹᠣᠰᠹᠣᠷᠲᠤ ᠠᠰᠢᠯ ᠠᠮᠢᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠯᠦ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠭᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠴᠡᠵᠦ᠂ T ᠯᠢᠮᠹᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠰᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠬᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠯᠦ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃
9 · · ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ
ᠬᠦᠨᠴᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠱᠦᠯᠲᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠢᠷᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠴᠢᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠰ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠬᠦᠨᠴᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠱᠦᠯᠲᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠽᠣᠲᠲᠤ ᠢᠰᠦᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠰᠫᠢᠷᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠭ ᠴᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠢᠯᠲᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠭᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠠᠴᠢᠰᠳ ᠪᠥᠭᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠴᠡᠨᠡ᠃
[ ᠡᠮᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠯ ]
1 · · ᠠᠷᠤ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠳᠭᠤᠯᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠭᠤᠯ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮᠳᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠴᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢ ᠲᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠠᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠠᠨᠤ -4 ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠩ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠷᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠰᠡᠨᠡ᠃
2 · · ᠭᠠᠯᠵᠠᠭᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠰ - 1 1 ᠳᠤ ᠬᠥᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠰᠡᠨᠡ᠃
3 · · ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠰᠦᠲᠦ ᠪᠣᠭᠤᠮᠠ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠨᠴᠡᠯ -7 ᠳᠤ ᠭᠤᠣᠯᠯᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠡᠮ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠰᠡᠨᠡ᠃
4 · · ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠴᠢᠩ ᠮᠢᠬᠠ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ᠂ ᠬᠡᠦᠬᠡᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠣᠷᠣ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠷᠪᠢᠰᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠬᠠᠭ᠂ ᠴᠢᠷᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠢᠨᠴᠦᠭᠦᠷᠡᠯ᠂ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠮᠪᠡᠷᠡᠯ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠷᠪᠢᠰᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠬᠠᠭ᠂ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠶᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠬᠦ᠂ ᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠰᠤᠯᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠲᠷᠢᠴᠨᠢᠠ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠰᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ᠃
5 · · ᠬᠥᠯ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠯᠢᠳᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠨᠴᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠮᠠᠭᠠᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠠᠯᠠᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠴᠤ᠂ ᠲᠣᠰᠣ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠬᠢᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ᠃
6 · · ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠷᠪᠢᠰᠦᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃
7 · · ᠭᠷᠦ᠋ᠠ ᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ 4 3 ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠨᠴᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠤᠤᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠰᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠴᠢᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠳᠤᠰᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠢ 8 3 % ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃
[ ᠬᠤᠣᠷᠲᠤ ᠨᠠᠵᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ]
ᠬᠦᠨᠴᠡᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠤᠣᠷᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠭᠦᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠱᠦᠯᠲᠦ ᠰᠲᠷᠢᠴᠨᠢᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ᠂ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠴᠥ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠲᠤ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠭᠦᠨ ᠮᠥᠨ᠃ ᠬᠤᠣᠷᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠴᠢᠩ ᠮᠢᠬᠠ ᠬᠥᠰᠢᠬᠦ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠤᠷᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠴᠦ᠂ ᠲᠠᠳᠠᠪᠯᠵᠬᠤ᠂ ᠠᠷᠤ ᠨᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠮᠠᠲᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠬᠡᠲᠦᠷᠬᠡᠢ ᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠴᠦ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠴᠢᠩ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠴᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠰᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠭᠤᠯ ᠪᠤᠶᠢᠭᠯᠠᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠬᠦᠨᠡ᠃ ᠠᠪᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠣᠬᠤᠷ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯᠳᠦ ᠪᠠᠷᠪᠢᠲ᠋ᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠮ ᠢ ᠨᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠡᠲ᠋ᠢᠯ ᠡᠲ᠋ᠧᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠩᠭᠡᠨ ᠮᠢᠨᠴᠦᠭᠦᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠪᠠᠯᠵᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠴᠡᠨᠡ᠃
ᠲᠤᠰ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠣᠷᠲᠤ ᠪᠦᠷᠬᠦᠪᠴᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠷᠠᠰᠤ᠂ ᠰᠠᠯᠢᠰᠤᠲᠤ ᠪᠦᠷᠬᠦᠪᠴᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠭᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠲᠦᠭᠦᠬᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠦᠷ ᠴᠡᠭᠡᠷᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠃ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠮᠢᠷ ᠳᠣᠷᠤᠢ᠂ ᠵᠢᠷᠮᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠠᠰᠤ ᠴᠡᠭᠡᠷᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠃